Why Journal Quality Claims Need Decoding
A journal homepage is a sales page. It carries a row of logos, a badge or two, a number labelled "impact factor" and a sentence promising peer review. The difficulty for an author is that strong claims and empty claims look identical on screen: an image of the Scopus logo costs nothing to copy, and the words "UGC CARE approved" are free to type. Decoding journal quality claims means learning, for each one, what it would prove if true, what it would not prove even if true, and where the authoritative record lives so you can check it yourself.
This matters more in 2026 than it did five years ago. UGC discontinued the CARE list, so the single lookup that Indian researchers relied on has gone and institutions now ask authors to verify journals against published parameters. At the same time, cloned journals and bought "impact factors" have multiplied because the badges are valuable. The good news is that almost every claim can be settled in a browser tab, and the routine, once learned, takes about five minutes per journal.
The Evidence Ladder: Not All Proof Is Equal
Before decoding individual claims, fix one idea: the same claim carries different weight depending on where you found it. A Scopus logo on a journal's own page proves nothing; a Scopus Sources record found by searching the journal's ISSN proves coverage. Everything in between is an assertion of varying strength. The ladder below ranks the places a claim can appear, from weakest to strongest.
The rule that follows from the ladder is simple: take every claim off the journal's website and look it up at the body that issues it. If you cannot find a place to look it up, the claim is not verifiable, and an unverifiable claim should carry no weight in your decision.
The Claim Decoder: Twelve Claims, What Each Proves, Where to Check
The table is the spine of this guide. Each row takes a claim exactly as journals phrase it, states what it genuinely certifies, states what it does not, and names the source. Later sections expand the rows that cause most confusion.
| Claim as written | What it proves if true | What it does not prove | Where to verify |
|---|---|---|---|
| "UGC CARE approved journal" | The title was on UGC's reference list during the list era (2019 to February 2025) | Any current certification; the list is discontinued and UGC attaches no endorsement to the frozen version | Frozen reference list on ugc.gov.in; your institution's current circular |
| "UGC approved journal No. ..." | A number from the pre-2018 approved list, which UGC cut back in 2018 | Quality of any kind today; the list it refers to no longer exists | Nothing current to check; treat as historical |
| "Aligned with UGC's parameters" | The journal claims to meet UGC's July 2025 Suggestive Parameters | Anything unless the journal shows evidence per parameter | The journal's own parameter page, then each item at its source |
| "Scopus indexed" | Elsevier's content selection board accepted the title and it is currently covered | That any particular article is in Scopus, or that coverage is permanent | Scopus Sources, search by ISSN, check coverage years and active status |
| "Web of Science indexed" | Inclusion in one Clarivate collection: SCIE, SSCI, AHCI or ESCI | Which collection; ESCI is Web of Science but a different tier from SCIE, SSCI and AHCI | Clarivate Master Journal List, by ISSN; read the collection name |
| "DOAJ listed" | DOAJ accepted the title against open access, licensing, review and transparency criteria | Citation impact or selectivity on scholarly influence | doaj.org, search by ISSN |
| "Google Scholar indexed" | A crawler can read the article pages | Any selection or quality assessment; Google Scholar has none | Nothing to verify; treat as a baseline, not a credential |
| "Crossref DOI" | The publisher registers persistent identifiers and deposits metadata | Peer review quality, indexing or list status; a DOI is infrastructure | Open three DOIs and confirm they resolve to the journal; search.crossref.org |
| "ISSN: ...." | A serial with that title exists in the international register with a recorded publisher | Quality; registering an ISSN is administrative and open to any serial | portal.issn.org; compare title, publisher, country and URL with the site |
| "Peer reviewed / refereed" | A process claim: experts assess papers before decisions | Anything, unless the process, model and timeline are documented | The published peer review policy; ask the editor how reviewers are chosen |
| "Impact Factor 7.2" | Depends entirely on the provider; only Clarivate's JCR publishes the Journal Impact Factor | Anything if the provider, metric and year are unnamed | JCR via a library; CiteScore on Scopus; SJR on scimagojr.com; otherwise ask for the method |
| "Low cost" or "premium" fee | The publisher's operating model | Quality in either direction | The fee page: full amount, add-ons, timing; payment must follow acceptance |
UGC CARE Approved: Decoding the Most Misused Claim in India
"UGC CARE approved" is the claim Indian authors meet most often and understand least, because its meaning changed in 2025. UGC's Consortium for Academic and Research Ethics maintained a reference list from 2019, organised into Group I (journals assessed under the CARE protocol) and Group II (journals carried from global databases such as Scopus and Web of Science). UGC decided to discontinue the listing on 3 October 2024, announced it on 11 February 2025, and in July 2025 notified Suggestive Parameters for Peer-Reviewed Journals in its place. The last list, 1,474 journals as on 10 February 2025, is online for reference only.
"Was on the CARE list"
Checkable against the frozen list by ISSN. True for many journals, but UGC says inclusion implies no endorsement. Ask which group and which period.
"Is UGC CARE approved" (present tense)
No journal can hold a live CARE status. A journal established after February 2025 could never have been listed at all. Read this claim as marketing shorthand and move on to the parameters.
"UGC approved journal number"
Refers to the pre-2018 list that UGC itself cut back for quality problems. Any journal founded after 2018 cannot have one; a journal quoting one is pointing at history.
"Aligned with UGC's Suggested Parameters"
The honest form of the claim in 2026. It is only as good as the evidence: look for a page that lists each parameter with proof you can check. JMVRA publishes its record on the UGC CARE discontinued page.
Scopus, Web of Science, DOAJ and Google Scholar: Four Different Jobs
Journal advertising uses these names as if they were interchangeable grades. They are four systems with four different purposes, and the question "is Scopus better than UGC CARE?" only makes sense once you see that one is a database and the other was a list that pointed at databases.
| System | Run by | How a title enters | Selective? | Verify at |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scopus | Elsevier | Content Selection and Advisory Board reviews against published criteria; titles are re-evaluated and can be discontinued | Yes, on editorial and citation criteria | Scopus Sources (public title list), by ISSN |
| Web of Science | Clarivate | Editorial evaluation into a collection: SCIE, SSCI, AHCI or ESCI | Yes, and the collection matters as much as the fact | Master Journal List, by ISSN |
| DOAJ | Directory of Open Access Journals | Application assessed on open access practice, licensing, peer review and transparency | Yes, on OA practice, not citation impact | doaj.org, by ISSN |
| Google Scholar | Automated crawling of any reachable, parseable scholarly page | No; there is no selection | No source list exists | |
| UGC CARE (historical) | UGC, via the SPPU cell | Group I by CARE analysis; Group II from Scopus, Web of Science and similar | Was selective; discontinued | Frozen reference list only |
| Crossref | Crossref (membership body) | Publisher membership or sponsorship plus metadata deposit | No; it is an identifier registry | search.crossref.org, or resolve a DOI |
Reading a Web of Science claim correctly
The most common misreading concerns Web of Science. Clarivate runs several collections. The Science Citation Index Expanded, Social Sciences Citation Index and Arts and Humanities Citation Index are the established ones. The Emerging Sources Citation Index is also part of Web of Science and, since the 2023 Journal Citation Reports, its journals receive a Journal Impact Factor too, but most committees still treat it as a different tier. A journal saying "Web of Science indexed" while sitting in ESCI is telling the truth and still leaving out the part that matters. Always read the collection name on the Master Journal List record.
Reading a Scopus claim correctly
Scopus publishes its source list openly, so no subscription is needed to check. Search by ISSN rather than title, because small title variations return nothing and clones share titles. Then read the coverage field: "2015 to present" means active coverage; a coverage range that ends in a past year means the journal was discontinued from Scopus, which is a worse signal than never having been indexed. Scimago's SJR site is built on Scopus data, so checking both is not independent confirmation.
Impact Factor Claims: Official, Calculated and Invented
"Impact factor" is a trademark-like phrase that has escaped into general use, and that is the problem. The Journal Impact Factor is a specific metric: Clarivate calculates it from Web of Science citation data over a two-year window and publishes it once a year in the Journal Citation Reports (JCR), available through library subscriptions. Only journals in SCIE, SSCI and, since 2023, the other Web of Science collections receive one. Every other number called an impact factor is something else, and the decoding question is always the same: which provider, which metric, which year, and where is the method published?
| Metric | Publisher of the metric | Data and window | How to verify | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Journal Impact Factor (JIF) | Clarivate, in JCR | Web of Science citations, two-year window, citable items only | JCR through a library; the Master Journal List shows whether a journal is in a JIF-eligible collection | Official, discipline-dependent |
| CiteScore | Elsevier, in Scopus | Scopus citations, four-year window, free to view | Scopus Sources page for the journal | Official, Scopus only |
| SJR and quartiles | SCImago, from Scopus data | Weighted citations, three-year window | scimagojr.com, by ISSN | Derived from Scopus; useful, not independent of it |
| Google Scholar h5-index | Google Scholar citations over five years; published only for top venues by category | Google Scholar Metrics pages | Indicative; most journals have no published value | |
| Journal-calculated metric | The journal or its publisher | Whatever the journal says it used, often Google Scholar or Semantic Scholar citations | The journal's own method page; recompute a sample if it matters to you | Only as good as the published method |
| "Impact factor" from an unnamed or pay-to-list provider | Companies with no relationship to Clarivate | Unpublished or self-reported | Nothing to verify | None |
How an honest journal phrases a calculated metric matters. JMVRA's 11.25 is a calculated metric based on citations from Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar. It is not an official Clarivate Journal Impact Factor (JCR). That sentence tells you the provider, the data and the status in one line, which is exactly what you should demand from any journal quoting a number. Compare it with "Impact Factor 7.2" and no further explanation: the second is not a lie you can disprove, it is a number you cannot check, and the ladder tells you what to do with those.
ISSN, DOI, COPE and Other Infrastructure Claims
A second family of claims concerns infrastructure rather than selection. These are easy to verify and widely misread in both directions: authors either treat an ISSN as proof of quality or dismiss a DOI as meaningless. Neither is right. Infrastructure claims prove that a journal has done a specific administrative thing, and that thing is necessary but not sufficient.
ISSN
Proves a serial is registered with a recorded title, publisher and country. Verify at portal.issn.org. Its real value is as the key for every other check: search databases by ISSN, not by name, and compare the registered URL with the site in front of you.
Crossref DOI
Proves the publisher registers persistent identifiers and deposits article metadata, either as a Crossref member or through a sponsor such as JWDOI. Verify by resolving three DOIs from different issues. A DOI that resolves to another publisher's site is a clone signal.
COPE membership or "follows COPE guidelines"
Membership is checkable on publicationethics.org. "Follows COPE guidelines" is a statement of intent anyone can make; look for the journal's own ethics, retraction and misconduct policies, which are what COPE actually asks for.
ISO certification, "international", "global indexing"
ISO certification concerns a company's management processes, not editorial quality. "International" describes aspiration or author origin, not selection. "Indexed in 50+ databases" usually means directory listings; find the two that matter and verify those.
Peer Reviewed, Fast Publication and Other Process Claims
Process claims describe what the journal does to a manuscript. They cannot be looked up in a database, so the evidence is documentation: a policy that names the review model, says how reviewers are chosen, gives typical timelines and explains how conflicts and appeals are handled. UGC's parameters ask for exactly this, which is why a journal that cannot show it fails the guidelines regardless of its logos.
Strong process evidence
- Peer review policy naming the model (JMVRA: double-blind) and the usual time to first decision
- Decision types defined: accept, minor revision, major revision, reject
- Reviewer recruitment and recognition described, with a route to join the reviewer panel
- Ethics, plagiarism screening, correction and retraction policies published
- Fee page stating the full charge, add-ons and that payment follows acceptance
- Licence named, with the author's copyright position stated
Weak or negative process signals
- "Peer reviewed" with no policy page
- "Publication within 24 to 72 hours" or "guaranteed acceptance"
- Review fee or payment before any decision
- "Fast track" offers in unsolicited email
- No named handling editor, or a board that cannot be contacted
- Withdrawal fees or copyright transfer demanded before acceptance
Speed by itself is not a red flag. A monthly journal with an engaged reviewer pool can return a first decision in two to four weeks. Speed combined with certainty is the red flag: a journal cannot both review and guarantee the outcome.
Fee Claims: Low Cost, Premium and What a Price Proves
Price is a claim too, and it is misread in both directions. A low fee is taken as evidence of a scam; a high fee is taken as evidence of prestige. Neither follows. A fee reflects the publisher's operating model: a lean open access journal run on a journal management system with volunteer reviewers can fund genuine review, DOI registration and permanent hosting for a modest charge, while a large commercial platform carries costs that a small one does not. Predatory operations exist at every price point, and some charge premium fees precisely because the number reads as quality.
Decode a fee the way you decode an indexing claim. Is the full amount, including DOI, print and extra-author charges, published before submission? Is payment due only after acceptance? Is there a refund policy? Does the fee page match what the editor says by email? JMVRA's position is a useful reference point: 971 rupees for Indian authors and US$41 for international authors, published on the charges page, payable only after acceptance, with optional add-ons priced separately. Any journal can be held to the same four questions.
A modest fee attached to a documented review process, a verifiable ISSN, resolving DOIs and a named board is safer than a large fee attached to none of them.
The Five-Minute Verification Routine
Everything above reduces to a routine. Run it on every journal before you submit, including this one, and keep the results. The order is deliberate: the ISSN check first, because it catches clones and gives you the key for every other search.
- ISSNSearch at portal.issn.org; compare title, publisher, country and URL with the site.
- Databases claimedSearch the ISSN in Scopus Sources, the Master Journal List and DOAJ as applicable.
- DOIsResolve three DOIs from different issues; confirm they land on this journal.
- MetricIdentify provider, metric and year for any impact figure; discard unnamed ones.
- Process pagesRead the peer review, ethics, licence and fee pages; note gaps.
- RecordDated screenshots and a one-line verdict per claim, filed with the submission.
Worked example (illustrative)
Imagine a journal page that reads: "UGC CARE Approved, Scopus and Web of Science indexed, Impact Factor 6.8, Crossref DOI, ISSN 1234-5678, publication in 3 days." Applying the routine: the ISSN record shows a different publisher and URL, so the site is likely a clone of a genuine title; Scopus Sources returns the genuine title with coverage ending two years ago, so even the real journal was discontinued; the Master Journal List shows ESCI, not SCIE; the impact figure has no provider, so it is discarded; the DOIs resolve to the genuine publisher's site, not this one; and "publication in 3 days" rules out review. Six claims, five minutes, and the decision makes itself. The example is invented for illustration, but every pattern in it is one editors see weekly.
Apply the Decoder to Our Journals
A guide like this would be hollow if its publisher exempted itself. The three journals below belong to the same network, and every claim their cards make can be run through the decoder: ISSNs that resolve on the ISSN Portal, Crossref DOIs under the prefix 10.56975, published peer review and ethics policies, fees stated before submission and payable after acceptance. JMVRA makes no claim to Scopus, Web of Science or DOAJ coverage; its impact figure is explained as a calculated metric; and its UGC position is that it is aligned with UGC's Suggested Parameters for Choosing Peer-Reviewed Journals, with the evidence on its parameter record page.
Journal of Modern and Versatile Research Approach (JMVRA)
- ISSN 2984-8911 Verify ISSN
- ESTD 2023 · Publisher JMVRA Publication · Website jmvra.org
- Impact Factor 11.25* · Crossref DOI prefix 10.56975
- Publication fee ₹971 Indian authors · US$41 international — payable only after acceptance
- Aligned with UGC’s Suggested Parameters for Choosing Peer-Reviewed Journals
TIJER – International Research Journal
- ISSN 2349-9249 Verify ISSN · ESTD 2014 · Website tijer.org
- Publication fee Low cost ₹970 INR Indian · $50 USD international
- UGC CARE Approved, Transparent Peer-Reviewed (Refereed) Journal as per new UGC Notification
- Multidisciplinary · Monthly · Crossref DOI · Indexing in all major databases & metadata
Journal of Novel Research and Innovative Development (JNRID)
- ISSN 2984-8687 Verify ISSN · ESTD 2023 · Website jnrid.org
- Publication fee Low cost ₹970 INR Indian · $50 USD international
- UGC CARE Approved, Transparent Peer-Reviewed (Refereed) Journal as per new UGC Notification
- Multidisciplinary · Monthly · Crossref DOI · Indexing in all major databases & metadata
* JMVRA’s 11.25 is a calculated metric based on citations from Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar. It is not an official Clarivate Journal Impact Factor (JCR). TIJER and JNRID details are as stated by their publisher. Full comparison: Our Journals.
Run the routine on all three before you submit, and if anything on these pages fails a check, write to [email protected]; a journal that publishes a decoder should expect to be decoded.
Glossary of Journal Quality Terms
| Term | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Source list | A database's own published list of covered titles; the authoritative place to verify an indexing claim. |
| Coverage years | The period for which a database indexes a journal; an end year in the past means discontinued coverage. |
| SCIE / SSCI / AHCI / ESCI | Web of Science collections: Science, Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities citation indexes, and the Emerging Sources Citation Index. |
| JCR | Journal Citation Reports, Clarivate's annual publication of the Journal Impact Factor and related metrics. |
| CiteScore | Elsevier's free citation metric for Scopus journals, calculated over four years. |
| SJR | SCImago Journal Rank, a weighted citation indicator built on Scopus data, with quartiles by subject. |
| Quartile (Q1 to Q4) | A journal's position within its subject category, top quarter to bottom quarter, in JCR or SCImago. |
| Calculated metric | An impact figure computed by a journal or third party from a stated data source; honest only when the method is published. |
| Clone / hijacked journal | A fraudulent site using a genuine journal's title and ISSN on a different domain to collect fees. |
| Suggestive Parameters | UGC's July 2025 criteria for choosing peer-reviewed journals, replacing the discontinued CARE list. |
Conclusion: Claims Are Free, Records Are Not
Decoding journal quality claims is not about trusting less; it is about knowing where each claim's record lives and going there. UGC CARE status is history and parameter alignment is the present. Scopus, Web of Science and DOAJ each publish a source list you can search by ISSN. The Journal Impact Factor lives in JCR and nowhere else, and every other number needs a named provider and method. DOIs and ISSNs are infrastructure to be tested, not credentials to be admired. Peer review is proven by documentation, and a fee is proven by a page that states it before you submit. Five minutes with the routine in this guide settles almost every case, and the few it cannot settle are the ones to walk away from. When a journal passes, including JMVRA, you can submit knowing what you have checked.
How Journey & Wisdom Helps
JMVRA is published within the Journey & Wisdom group, which runs four shared services — similarity checking, journal management, DOI registration and conference management — and thirteen publication platforms. These are the ones that matter most for this guide. For anything not listed here, email [email protected] or message WhatsApp +91 91063 65667 to discuss your requirement.
JWDOI
Crossref DOI registrationRegisters Crossref DOIs and deposits article metadata, and gives journals a sponsored DOI prefix without joining Crossref directly — for journals, books, chapters and proceedings.
jwdoi.org
JWJMS
Journal management systemRuns the editorial workflow: online submission portal, author dashboard, desk screening, reviewer invitations and reminders, revision rounds, decisions, issue building and publication scheduling — with a full record of every step.
jwjms.org
JWSCAN
Plagiarism & similarity checkChecks a manuscript for similarity before submission with iThenticate (by Turnitin) and returns an overall similarity index with a source-by-source report editors can act on.
jwscan.org
OpenRGATE
Repository & discoveryA free open-access repository and journal-discovery platform where finished work is deposited so it stays findable.
openrgate.orgSee every Journey & Wisdom product and platform · JW ecosystem map
How to verify any journal's quality claims in five minutes: step by step
Copy every claim off the journal's homepage
List them in a text file exactly as written: list status, indexes, metric, DOI, ISSN, review, timeline, fee.
Verify the ISSN first
Search it at portal.issn.org and compare the registered title, publisher, country and URL with the site; a mismatch means stop.
Search the ISSN in each claimed database
Scopus Sources, the Clarivate Master Journal List and DOAJ; note coverage years and, for Web of Science, the collection.
Resolve three DOIs from different issues
Confirm each lands on an article page on this journal's own domain.
Decode the impact figure
Identify provider, metric and year; accept JCR, CiteScore or SJR values you can see, accept a calculated metric only with a published method, discard the rest.
Read the peer review and ethics policies
Confirm the model, typical timeline, decision types, plagiarism screening and retraction policy are written down.
Read the fee and licence pages
Full amount, add-ons, payment after acceptance, refund terms, licence and copyright position.
Check two editors independently
Find their institutional pages and confirm they acknowledge the role.
Write a one-line verdict per claim and file it
Dated screenshots plus verdicts form the evidence a committee will ask for later.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does "UGC CARE approved journal" actually mean now?
During the list era it meant the title was on UGC's reference list in Group I or Group II. UGC discontinued the list after its October 2024 decision, announced in February 2025, and attaches no endorsement to the frozen version. Today the phrase is shorthand at best; the live UGC yardstick is the Suggestive Parameters, and a journal should show evidence against each of them.
How do I check if a journal is Scopus indexed?
Open the public Scopus Sources title list, search by the journal's ISSN rather than its name, and read the record. Confirm the title and publisher match the site you are looking at and that the coverage field runs to the present. A coverage range ending in a past year means Scopus discontinued the journal. No Scopus subscription is needed for this check.
Is Scopus better than UGC CARE?
They are different kinds of thing. Scopus is a curated global citation database run by Elsevier with its own selection board. UGC CARE was a national reference list whose Group II was populated from databases including Scopus; it is now discontinued. The useful question is narrower: which systems currently cover the specific journal you are considering, and which does your institution require?
How can I tell a real impact factor from a fake one?
Ask which provider, which metric and which year. The Journal Impact Factor is published only by Clarivate in the Journal Citation Reports. CiteScore is published by Elsevier on Scopus and SJR by SCImago. A journal may publish its own calculated metric if it names the data source and method, as JMVRA does. A figure with no provider or method cannot be verified and should carry no weight.
Does Web of Science indexing always include an impact factor?
No. Web of Science contains several collections. Journals in SCIE, SSCI and AHCI have long received Journal Impact Factors, and Clarivate extended JIFs to other collections from 2023, but the tier still matters to most committees. Always read the collection name on the Master Journal List record rather than accepting the phrase "Web of Science indexed" on its own.
Does Google Scholar indexing prove anything about a journal?
Only that Google's crawler can reach and parse the article pages. There is no selection process and no source list, so "Google Scholar indexed" is a baseline expectation for any online journal, not a credential. It is useful for discoverability and citation tracking, which is why journals should still ensure their metadata is correctly tagged.
Does a Crossref DOI mean a journal is indexed or peer reviewed?
No. A DOI is a persistent identifier with a metadata deposit; it keeps citations resolving and makes articles machine-findable. It says nothing about review quality, list status or database coverage. Its value in verification is different: resolve several DOIs and see where they land. DOIs that resolve to another publisher's site are a strong clone signal.
What is the difference between an ISSN and indexing?
An ISSN registers that a serial exists, with a recorded title, publisher and country; any serial can obtain one. Indexing is a separate decision by a database to cover that serial. Every indexed journal has an ISSN, but having an ISSN proves nothing about indexing. The ISSN's practical value is as the search key for every other check.
A journal shows Scopus and Web of Science logos on its homepage. Is that enough?
No. A logo is an image file that costs nothing to copy, and cloned sites copy them routinely. The only evidence that counts is a record in the database's own source list found by searching the ISSN. If the record shows a different publisher or URL from the site displaying the logo, you have found a clone or a false claim.
Is a low publication fee a warning sign?
Not by itself. A fee reflects the publisher's operating model more than its review rigour, and predatory journals exist at high prices too. Judge a fee by whether the full amount is published before submission, whether payment follows acceptance, and whether add-ons are itemised. JMVRA charges 971 rupees for Indian authors and US$41 for international authors, after acceptance only.
What claims does JMVRA make, and how do I verify them?
JMVRA states ISSN 2984-8911 (check at portal.issn.org), Crossref DOIs under prefix 10.56975 (resolve any article DOI), double-blind peer review and ethics policies (read them on the site), CC BY 4.0 licensing, fees of Rs 971 or US$41 after acceptance, and alignment with UGC's Suggested Parameters with a per-parameter record. Its 11.25 is a calculated metric from Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar citations, not a Clarivate JIF. It claims no Scopus, Web of Science or DOAJ coverage.
Which single check should I do if I only have one minute?
Search the journal's ISSN in the databases it claims. That one step catches cloned websites, exposes indexing claims with no record, and reveals discontinued coverage. If the ISSN record and the site in front of you disagree on publisher or URL, you have your answer without needing any other check.
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Publish Your Research in JMVRA
Peer-reviewed, open access (CC BY 4.0), monthly and multidisciplinary · ISSN 2984-8911 · ₹971 for Indian authors and US$41 for international authors, payable only after acceptance.